***: toeshred has joined #arpnetworks mnathani_: I have been thinking of this for a while, but have not yet received clarity. How does the Internet work? Specifically if I get Internet service from a provider, how can they provide Transit or Any-to-Any connectivity, by simply connecting with one or multiple upstream transit providers? Surely an agreement in some form would have to be made to connect some small ISP or Enterprise on the
other side of the globe to myself. Do Tier 1 providers come into play here. What about peering? Is it a requirement for certain ISPs to peer with others to provide said Transit service? Any URLs provided for further reading would be much appreciated. milki: something something BGP? mnathani_: BGP would be the protocol of the Internet
s/protocol/routing protocol BryceBot: <mnathani_> BGP would be the routing protocol of the Internet mnathani_: to what end is the Internet a best effort service and where to Service Level agreements or Guarantees come in to play? mercutio: you ask complicated questions mnathani mnathani_: :-) mercutio: tier 1 providers all share each others routes with each other
tier 2 providers pay tier 1 to route their traffic
a small isp will connect to a tier 1, tier 2 or tier 3 provider generally
tier2s make sure their routes get to tier 1, tier 3 providers generally peer even more than tier 2, generally with open peering policy.
so tier 3 providers may utilise more than one tier 2 provider, or a combination of tier 1 and tier 2, sometimes adding value, and sometimes just aggregating traffic for better pricing at smaller commits. mnathani_: tier2 first priority -> peers, last resort -> default out to tier 1 ? mercutio: cogent and he.net are considered tier 2 provider, anre they refuse to exchange ipv6 traffic between themselves atm.
policies of where to send stuff can vary by provider. most people use "lowest cost" routing.
although some like to carry traffic.
but yeah generally speaking tier 2 first priority customers, second priority peers, third priority transit. mnathani_: how common are internet islands in the ipv4 internet? mercutio: not common
well not for normal operation. there are some routes that aren't distributed on the wider internet, but can occasionally leak to some providers.
like subnets that internet exchanges use generally should use real IP address space, but not be distributed globally
like can you route to 192.203.154.0/24 ?
the answer shoudl be no, but some providers here let you :) mnathani_: 5 ae2-6169-bdr01-tor.teksavvy.com [192.0.254.75] reports: Destination net unreachable. mercutio: 5 hops in suggests that your provider only starts having full tables at hop 5 :)
out of curiosity do you get the same distance to say 192.168.69.69 mnathani_: liquidweb has a loop to that destination mercutio: a loop?
people can sometimes block rfc1918 addresses before unknown routes mnathani_: routing loop mercutio: as people like to send random traffic there :/
and you don't need a full route table to block
they really shouldn't loop to it though
it should just drop mnathani_: that 69.69 ip request time out
after 1 hop mercutio: it should timeout mnathani_: from my residential connection mercutio: ok
so yeah they drop it early mnathani_: liquidweb uses Ips like pts/6 10.30.4.110 for management from their side mercutio: what about 255.0.0.4
say mnathani_: 1 Transmit error: code 1231. mercutio: 100.64.1.1? mnathani_: lol
liquidweb has the same routing loop for 255.* mercutio: they probably have default route out another link
in case their bgp dies
why are you using liquidweb?
arp doesn't do that :) mnathani_: they had a good price including cPanel and management
no v6 though, so I setup an he.net tunnel
mercutio: thank you for the How Internet Works Explanation. mercutio: there' a lot more complications :)
but that's about the essence ***: milki has quit IRC (Ping timeout: 255 seconds)